Inflorescence. A, CHX17 promoter::GUS. Flowers at different stages (S9 13) were taken from one particular inflorescence that was stained for GUS activity. B, CHX24 promoter::GUS. Flowers at unique stages (S10 14) had been taken from a single inflorescence stained for GUS activity. C, Relative expression of CHX17 and CHX24 in male gametophyte as revealed by ATH1 gene chip. MS, BC, TC, and MP refer for the microspore, bicellular, tricellular, and mature pollen stages. Data had been taken from Supplemental Table I.The male gametophyte presents a easy model for systems biology research, as its short life span from a microspore to a pollen tube is determined by nearly all the significant cellular processes of a living organism. Crucial processes from nutrition, cell division, growth, improvement, and signaling may be studied because the microspore divides and differentiates to type a mature pollen grain that germinates to provide sperms for the ovule. A first step in systems biology demands the identification and localization of all of the functional elements at unique stages (Minorsky, 2003). We have presented the first genomewide analyses of membrane transporters expressed inside the male gametophyte at 4 developmental stages. This kind of transcriptomic analysis is specifically important as practically all transcripts could be regarded as expressed throughout the ontogeny of essentially a single cell kind. We have assumedPlant Physiol. Vol. 140,Transporter Genes Expressed in Developing and Mature PollenTable III. Comparing pollen transcriptome analyses with functional studies of transport genes expressed at unique stages of pollen development “Microarray” column indicates gene expression predominantly detected in microspore (1), bicellular (2), tricellular (3), and/or mature (4) pollen as determined by wholegenome pollen transcriptome (Honys and Twell, 2004). “Expression” refers to RNA and/or protein expression as detected by other strategies, like promoter::GUS, in situ, or immunostaining. “Function” refers to analyses of pollen improvement or tube growth determined working with single mutants (ko), if indicated.Gene Microarray Expression Function ReferenceAtSTP1,In situ, 2-Palmitoylglycerol GPCR/G Protein immunostain in microspores; mRNA or protein not located within the mature pollen or germinating pollen Protein exclusively in pollen tube Protein localized to PM of pollen tubeAtSTP11 ACA3, 4 three,SPIK3,Promoter::GUS in pollen grain and tubeAHA1,Promoter::GUS in late microspore and cell undergoing mitosis Gametophyte and sporophytic tissuesVHAA1, 2, 3,RAN3,Pollen and sporophytic tissuesUptake of hexose and pentose across the PM; suggests a function in import of sugars immediately after microspore is symplastically cut off from tapetal cells Supplies monosaccharides to expanding pollen tube Ca21 extrusion pump important for Ca21 homeostasis; ko mutant: reduced tube development, fertilization, significantly less seed set K1 uptake for pollen tube growth; ko mutant: impaired pollen tube development, decreased pollen competitive potential PM H1 extrusion pump generates driving force for Olmesartan lactone impurity MedChemExpress nutrient uptake; ko mutant: male gametophytic lethal TDNA mutant is male gametophytic lethal; vital for male gametophyte development Cu21 pump required for male gametophyte functionTruernit et al. (1999)Schneidereit et al. (2004) Schiott et al. (2004)Mouline et al. (2002)Robertson et al. (2004)Dettmer et al. (2005)Woeste and Kieber (2000)that a lot of the pollenexpressed genes represent messages discovered within the microspore and also the vegetative cell, although it remains attainable that a minor fracti.
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